Multiplication by 9, 99, 999, etc.

One way to multiply a number by 9 is to multiply by 10 and then subtract the number from the product. For example,

 23·9 = 230 - 23 = 207.

The rule is based on the distributive law and applies in other similar situations. For example, to multiply by 99, multiply by 100 and then subtract the number:

23·99 = 2300 - 23 = 2277.

To multiply by 999, multiply by 1000 and subtract the number from the product:

23·999 = 23000 - 23 = 22977.


Related material
Read more...

  • Multiplication by 9, 99, 999, (Multiply + Subtract) etc.
  • Squaring 2-Digit Numbers
  • Division by 5
  • Multiplication by 2
  • Multiplication by 5
  • Multiplication by 9, 99, 999, etc. (Something Special)
  • Product of 10a + b and 10a + c where b + c = 10
  • Product of numbers close to 100
  • Product of two one-digit numbers greater than 5
  • Product of 2-digit numbers
  • Squaring Numbers in Range 26-50
  • Squaring Numbers in Range 51-100
  • Squares of Numbers That End in 5
  • Squares Can Be Computed Squentially
  • How to Compute Fast Any Square
  • Adding a Long List of Numbers

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