Golden Ratio in an Irregular Pentagon, Construction II
Let A, B, C be three noncollinear points and K complete a parallelogram ABCK. Extend AK to AD such that
What if applet does not run? |

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Copyright © 1996-2018 Alexander BogomolnyGolden Ratio in an Irregular Pentagon, Construction II
Pentagon ABCDE has the diagonals parallel to the sides. In addition, the points of intersection of the diagonals divide each in the golden ratio.
What if applet does not run? |
AD||BC and CE||AB by construction. Also, since
Further, in ΔABD, KM||AB implying BD/BM = AD/AK = φ. Similarly, in ΔBCE, KL||BC implies
In trapezoid DELM, DE/LM = φ and triangles DEK and LMK are similar so that
No consider the four collinear points A, L, K, and D. We have,
(AL + KL) / DK = φ = DK/KL, |
from which we derive
φ = (DK + KL) / AL = DL/AL. |
But, as we already saw, BE/BL = φ and then also BL/EL = φ. Thus in the quadrilateral ABDE the diagonals BE and AD divide each other in equal ratios:
This tells us that ABDE is a trapezoid with BD||AE. Similarly, CD||BE.
Now, points K and L divide AD in the golden ration. Points K and M divide in the golden ration diagonal CE. It's now not difficult to verify that this is also true of points L, M, N, P and the remaining diagonals.

Fibonacci Numbers
- Ceva's Theorem: A Matter of Appreciation
- When the Counting Gets Tough, the Tough Count on Mathematics
- I. Sharygin's Problem of Criminal Ministers
- Single Pile Games
- Take-Away Games>
- Number 8 Is Interesting
- Curry's Paradox
- A Problem in Checker-Jumping
- Fibonacci's Quickies
- Fibonacci Numbers in Equilateral Triangle
- Binet's Formula by Inducion
- Binet's Formula via Generating Functions
- Generating Functions from Recurrences
- Cassini's Identity
- Fibonacci Idendtities with Matrices
- GCD of Fibonacci Numbers
- Binet's Formula with Cosines
- Lame's Theorem - First Application of Fibonacci Numbers

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