Orthopole: What is it?
A Mathematical Droodle

 

This applet requires Sun's Java VM 2 which your browser may perceive as a popup. Which it is not. If you want to see the applet work, visit Sun's website at http://www.java.com/en/download/index.jsp, download and install Java VM and enjoy the applet.


Buy this applet
What if applet does not run?

(All blue elements - the points, the line and the triangle are draggable.)

Explanation

|Activities| |Contact| |Front page| |Contents| |Store| |Geometry|

Copyright © 1996-2012 Alexander Bogomolny

Given ΔABC and a straight line m. First drop perpendiculars Aa, Bb and Cc from the vertices of ΔABC onto m. From the three points thus obtained drop perpendiculars on the "opposite" sides of the triangle: from a onto BC, from b onto AC, and from c onto AB. The latter three lines intersect at a point, known as the orthopole of ΔABC and m.

 

Let P be the point of intersection of the perpendiculars from a to BC and from b to AC. In triangles ACD and bPa the sides are pairwise orthogonal: AC ⊥ Pb, AD ⊥ ab, and CD ⊥ Pa. From here

(1)AD/CD = ab/Pa

Similarly, let Q be the point of intersection of the perpendicular from a to BC and from c to AB. In triangles ABD and cQa the sides are pairwise orthogonal: AB ⊥ Qc, BD ⊥ Qa, and AD ⊥ ac. From here

(2)BD/AD = Qa/ac

Additionally, since Aa||Bb||Cc,

(3)CD/BD = ac/ab

Multiplying (1-3) we get

 1 = AD/CD·BD/AD·CD/BD = ab/Pa·Qa/ac·ac/ab = Qa/Pa,

or Pa = Qa. Since both P and Q lie on the same perpendicular from a to BC, P = Q, which establishes the concurrency of the three perpendiculars.

(Darij Grinberg came up with a short proof based on a theorem of Carnot.)

References

  1. R. Honsberger, Episodes in Nineteenth and Twentieth Century Euclidean Geometry, MAA, 1995.

|Activities| |Contact| |Front page| |Contents| |Store| |Geometry|

Copyright © 1996-2012 Alexander Bogomolny

 40619199

A math books store at a unique math study site. Shopping at the store helps maintain the site. Thank you.
Sites for teachers
Sites for parents
Terms of use
Awards
Interactive Activities

CTK Exchange
CTK Wiki Math
CTK Insights - a blog
Math Help
Games & Puzzles
What Is What
Arithmetic
Algebra
Geometry
Probability
Outline Mathematics
Make an Identity
Book Reviews
Stories for Young
Eye Opener
Analog Gadgets
Inventor's Paradox
Did you know?...
Proofs
Math as Language
Things Impossible
Visual Illusions
My Logo
Math Poll
Cut The Knot!
MSET99 Talk
Old and nice bookstore
Other Math sites
Front Page
Movie shortcuts
Personal info
Privacy Policy

Guest book
News sites

Recommend this site

Sites for parents

Education & Parenting

Search:
Keywords:

Google
Web CTK
Supported by
3wVentures