Right Strategy for a Weaker Player

Problem

Right Stratgey for a Weaker Player, problem

Solution

The strategy is to play a daring game when tied or losing and a conservative game when ahead in the match.

After two games their are four possible outcomes (from A's perspective):

$\begin{array}{c|c|c} \text{ result }&\text{ conclusion }&\text{ probability }\\ \hline LL&\text{ match lost }&0.55\cdot 0.55=0.3025\\ LW&\text{ tie-breaker required }& 0.55\cdot 0.45=0.2475\\ WL&\text{ tie-breaker required }& 0.45\cdot 0.10=0.0450\\ WD&\text{ match won }&0.45\cdot 0.90=0.4050 \end{array}$

The tie-breaker happens with the probability of $0.2925$ so A is going to play a daring game, winning with the probability of $0.45,$ making the total probability of his winning the match equal to

$0.4050+0.45\cdot 0.2925=0.536625\approx 54\%.$

Acknowledgment

The problem and the solution are from J. G. McLoughlin et all, Jim Totten's Problems of the Week, World Scientific, 2013, problem #316.

Jakub Šimek made this remark: One should not underestimate the ability to draw under all circumstances. Also, the oponent style makes the strategy possible, she cannot play to draw or something... Really interesting...

The problem is a very specific case of discussed by Kyle Siegrist in How to Gamble If You Must which relates to the book How to Gamble If You Must: Inequalities for Stochastic Processes by Lester E. Dubins and Leonard J. Savage.

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