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Forum URL: http://www.cut-the-knot.org/cgi-bin/dcforum/forumctk.cgi
Forum Name: Early math
Topic ID: 39
Message ID: 3
#3, RE: Can't reply to 'stumped' ...
Posted by Laocon on Mar-08-02 at 10:28 AM
In response to message #2
Nope

But I have had problems posting here for nearly 2 weeks.. it kept crashing (from work and home) :(

Stumped (the thread below) still gives me an error!!

CHECK:

1 + 1 = 2
1+1 = 2

I think the forum has a problem with 1_+_1 replace underscores with spaces.. as per example 1 above...

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REPOSTED:

This is in response to Jack...
I think the situation you propose, uniquely using the digits 0 to 9, combined into decimal or integers to form the addends which sum to 100 is impossible.

I think this can be developed into a properproof by contradiction, of sorts. I am at work right now, so can't do it properly, so here os where I would start.


Proof (of sorts…)

We require a series of addends composed from the digits 0 to 9 that give us the sum 100.

Let's first consider the simplest case, where all the addends are one-digit numbers, eg 'units only', namely: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9.

Let K be the sum of addends.

Sum of addends: K = 0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9 = 45

Let u be the sum of the 'units' in addends.

Thus we have, for this case, K = u = 45. We require K = 100, thus this arrangement is incorrect.


Now, let's look at combining the digits into two-digit numbers, with t as the sum of the 'tens' in the addends. EG Let's look at: 0, 1, 32, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9.

K = 0+1+32+4+5+6+7+8+9 = 72....(I)
u = 0+1+2+4+5+6+7+8+9 = 42.....(II)
t = 3..........................................(III)

Adding equation (II) and (III) we obtain: u t = 45 (you can varify this for all combinations of two-digit numbers - in the first case t=0).

u+t = 45
u = 45 - t

We require: K = 100 = 10t+u

K = 10t+(45 - t)

100 = 10t+(45 - t)

55 = 9t

t = 55 / 9

Since t, by definition is the sum of positive naturals – it is not possible, as t must be a positive natural too.

QED?

Extend this for decimals (1 dp).

t = sum of tens digits
u = sum of units digits
v = sum of tenths digits

t+u+v = 45.......................(IV)
10t+u+v/10 = 100.................(V)

(V) * 10 => 100t+10u+v = 1000....(VI)


(VI) – (IV) => 99t+9u = 955

99t+9v = 955

9(11t+v) = 955

11t+v = 955/9

Since t and u, by definition are the sums of positive naturals – it is not possible, as t and u cannot be summed to give a non positive natural.

t = sum of tens digits
u = sum of units digits
v = sum of tenths digits
w = sum of hundredths digits
.....................